The phytochemical study and cytotoxic potential of the leaves of Terminalia arjuna were investigated. The extraction was based on solvents of increasing polarities such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous. Preliminary phytochemical analysis indicates the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, steroids, tannins, proteins and phenolic compounds. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) of the extracts was carried out to detect possible cytotoxic effects of the plant leaves. In vivo cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC₅₀. The extracts were potent against the brine shrimp with LC₅₀ value of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extract were 11.22 µg/ml, 22.38 µg/ml, 30.19 µg/ml and 17.78 µg/ml respectively compared to vincristine sulphate, a reference drug, LC₅₀ 0.52 µg/ml. The overall result indicates the presence of bioactive components in the all leaves extracts which could account for the reported pharmacological effects of the plant.

Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr and Sheriff, belongs to the family Asteraceae, is a wide spread weed in Waynadu district of Kerala state. It is used as a leafy vegetable by Paniya, Chetti, Kani and Kattunaayika tribes of Waynadu Districts in Kerala and also to cure inflammation, hepatitis, fever, cough, dysentery, bronchitis etc. In the present study crude methanolic leaves extract of B. biternata was investigated using HPLC and GC-MS. Presence of bioactive molecules like quercetin, gallic acid, luteolin, ferrulic acid and rutin, were identified using HPLC. Quercetin was found in higher quantities among them. GC-MS analysis of crude methanolic extract showed the presence of four important compounds.

The main objective of the study is to formulate 5 Fluorouracil loaded sustained release nanoparticles with the size of around 250 nm and to increase the encapsulation efficiency of the drug. The nanoparticles were prepared by simple ionic gelation method using various concentrations of chitosan and TPP. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, shape, charge, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release and in vitro cytotoxicity. The optimized 5FU loaded nanoparticle showed size of 232±4 nm with PDI of 0.30 ±0.07, Zeta potential of +5 ±1mv, encapsulation efficiency of 69.2% and the drug release is 97.4% at 24 hrs. These results demonstrate that the possibility of delivering 5 Fluorouracil to colorectum with enhanced encapsulation efficiency.

Assessment of medical laboratories services plays a key role in programs for quality improvement to ensure that desired outcomes are produced. Thus, this study investigated the satisfaction level with laboratory’s services among physician, in Assessment of medical laboratories services plays a key role in programs for quality improvement to ensure that desired outcomes are produced. King Faisal Hospital, to identify strength and possible limitations, which might inform the development, plans for more efficient services. Paper based survey used to measure; reports quality, communication, management and turnaround time. The majorities of participants were male and with one to five years of experience. The overall rating of satisfaction ranged between 2.6-3.8 out of 5. The highest satisfaction level was for the attitude of laboratory personnel followed by the accuracy and reliability of lab results. However, this study presented some negative observations of laboratory services, mainly related to missing of laboratory test results. Using electronic record system from ordering the test to reporting results to the clinician is required for accomplish this problem.

The aim of this study was to investigate the students' knowledge, transmission awareness, attitude toward infected person and the source of information about HIV. The study performed among undergraduate female students at three department sat Taif University and showed that 67% of the respondents correctly mentioned the meaning of the HIV and 91% aware of the link between sharing drug needles and HIV. The lowest level for transmission awareness was related to transmission of HIV through coughing and spitting. Most common sources from which information was obtained were primarily mass media rather than family and friends. The study reveals that there is lack of vital information regarding certain aspects of HIV/AIDS among participants. Thus, education about HIV should be addressed in college to encourage premarital screenings and help reduce the risk of HIV infection in the Kingdom. Furthermore, HIV/AIDS prevention drives must move beyond education into enhancing voluntary counseling and testing services among students.